When it comes to publishing material with Pressbooks, accessibility and inclusion must be considered at the publishing platform level (largely our responsibility) and the content level (which is largely your responsibility as the book’s creator).

Publish Accessible Content

As an author, you can take an active approach to ensuring that the resources you make are more accessible and inclusive to all. BCcampus and CAPER-BC (Centre for Accessible Post-secondary Education Resources) have created an introductory Accessibility Toolkit for textbook creators which includes a simple accessibility checklist we highly recommend for all authors.

Checklist for Accessibility

This checklist is provided by BCCampus

Organizing content

• Content is organized under headings and subheadings.
• Headings and subheadings are used sequentially (e.g., Heading 1, Heading 2).

Images

• Images that convey information include alternative text (alt text) descriptions of the image’s content or function.
• Graphs, charts, and maps also include contextual or supporting details in the text surrounding the image.
• Images do not rely on colour to convey information.
• Images that are purely decorative do not have alt text descriptions. (Descriptive text is unnecessary if the image doesn’t convey contextual content information).

Links

• The link text describes the destination of the link and does not use generic text such as “click here” or “read more.”
• If a link will open or download a file (like a PDF or Excel file), a textual reference is included in the link information (e.g., [PDF]).
• Links do not open in new windows or tabs.
• If a link must open in a new window or tab, a textual reference is included in the link information (e.g., [NewTab]).
• For citations and references, the title of the resource is hyperlinked, and the full URL is not hyperlinked.

Tables

• Tables are used to structure information and not for layout.
• Tables include row and column headers.
• Row and column headers have the correct scope assigned.
• Tables include a caption.
• Tables avoid merged or split cells.
• Tables have adequate cell padding.

Multimedia

• All audio content includes a transcript. The transcript includes all speech content and relevant descriptions of non-speech audio and speaker names/headings where necessary.
• Videos have captions of all speech content and relevant non-speech content that has been edited by a human for accuracy..
• All videos with contextual visuals (graphs, charts, etc.) are described audibly in the video.

Formulas

• Equations written in plain text use proper symbols (i.e., −, ×, ÷).[1]
• For complex equations, one of the following is true:
  • They were written using LaTeX and are rendered with MathJax (Pressbooks).
  • They were written using Microsoft Word’s equation editor.
  • They are presented as images with alternative text descriptions.
• Written equations are properly interpreted by text-to-speech tools.[2]

Font size

• Font size is 12 point or higher for body text in Word and PDF documents.
• Font size is 9 point for footnotes or endnotes in Word and PDF documents.
• Font size can be enlarged by 200 per cent in webbook or ebook formats without needing to scroll side to side.

Web

Pressbooks webbooks are designed to be accessible for users of all abilities and compatible with screen readers and other assistive technologies. We encourage creators to focus on producing clean mark-up and pay special attention to the following practices:

• Use chapters, headings, and subheadings to organize content. In Pressbooks, chapter titles will appear as H1 elements. Use headings of an equal or higher rank to indicate the beginning of a new section, and headings with a lower rank to start a new subsection within the higher ranked section in which it occurs. Use headings in descending rank order (beginning with H1 and descending through H6, if needed) and avoid skipping heading ranks whenever possible (don’t jump from an H2 to and H4, for example).
• Determine whether each image you include has a functional or purely decorative role. Add alternative text to functional images that clearly describe the content.
• Check the colour contrast for any images/figures included with your text and whenever using a shaded or coloured background with text.
• When using links to other web content, include descriptive link text for the link. The link text should  describe the content of the link; “our guide chapter on Navigation” is better than “click here” or “read more” as link text. If you are linking to non-web content (file downloads, for example) or causing a link to open in a new tab or window, consider telling the user this in the link description.
• When using tables, provide properly tagged table titles/captions and table headers/footers where appropriate, and avoid using merged or split cells wherever possible.
• Include captions and/or transcripts for any multimedia you include with your text.

PDF

Pressbooks allows users to produce two different types of PDF export files. ‘PDF (for digital distribution)’ exports use the PDF/UA-1 profile, which means that these digital PDFs will be tagged for accessibility and are designed to be read on a screen with maximal accessibility. ‘PDF (for print)’ exports use the PDF/X-4 profile and are primarily designed to be used with print on demand services and do not include all of the additional accessibility enhancements present with ‘PDF (for digital distribution)’ exports.

Ebook

The accessibility of Ebook files is largely driven by the underlying HTML structure of the document, and can also be influenced by the capabilities of the software selected by the reader. The most important things you can do to improve the accessibility of your Ebook exports is to ensure that you’ve followed the practices outlined in the web section above. For authors interested in diving deeper into Ebook accessibility, the Daisy Consortium maintains a knowledge base which includes several helpful practices for creating accessible digital publications.

Use Accessibility Features Provided By Pressbooks

Pressbooks’ administrative interface includes some accessibility features that may help you use Pressbooks more effectively.

Site Map

Pressbooks includes an alternative site map, which is linked to from the footer visible in the user dashboard to all logged in users. The site map offers users an alternative means of navigating the back end of Pressbooks, and will include links to all the pages that you can access from the sidebar menu and top menu.

Pressbooks a11y Color Scheme

If you would prefer an administrative interface with higher color contrast and underlined links, you can enable the Pressbooks a11y color scheme for your account:

1. Go to Users > Your Profile from the left sidebar menu, or click on your name in the top right corner of your screen
2. On the Profile page, find the Admin Color Scheme setting and select Pressbooks a11y 
3. Click Update Profile at the bottom of the screen

This setting only affects the user interface for you. Others authors in your book will still be able to select their own preferred color scheme.

Help Translate Pressbooks

We want to make the Pressbooks platform available in as many languages as possible. We use Transifex, a localization software platform, to help us produce and maintain crowd-sourced translations for the Pressbooks platform in many languages. This service allows anyone to contribute to the completion of a language project translation for Pressbooks by translating as many words or phrases as they wish. We update translations for all languages which have at least 25% coverage each time we release a new version of Pressbooks.