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Observation Guidance

Dos and Don’ts of Documentation

Whether performing a planned or spontaneous observation here are some helpful tips to ensure you are recording quality evidence:

Observation and Documentation Do’s and Don’ts

Observation and Documentation DOs: Observation and Documentation DON’Ts
  1. Note the date, time, setting, and situation
  2. Note the child (or children) involved
    and ages
  3. Record only the facts – in a concise (to
    the point) manner
  4. Record the facts in the order as they occur and exactly as you see it
  5. Collect vivid details and quotes
  6. Use a variety of Observation Methods
  7. Observe with an open heart, an open
    mind and a clear lens, free of bias
  8. Be attentive and alert, and use all your
    senses
  9. Note what the child CAN DO rather than what he cannot do
  10. Keep a low profile and respect the children’s space while they are playing
  1. Do not interfere or pressure the children to perform
  2. Do not assume or state your opinion
    while recording evidence
  3. Do not record anything you do not see
  4. Avoid making the errors of
    transmission, omission, or commission
  5. Do not label behaviors, actions or feelings
  6. Avoid using subjective, bias or judgmental terms
  7. Avoid using exaggerations and conditional words
  8. Do not summarize information
  9. Avoid using generalizations or vague terms
  10. Keep interpretations and evaluations separate from the actual observation

Conclusion

To become a skilled observer takes time and practice (Gronlund & James, 2013). You will need to figure out your rhythm so that you can incorporate observation and documentation into your regular routine. As an intentional teacher, you will want to plan systematic observations so that you can document each child’s unique qualities, interests, developmental strengths and needs, as well as uncover their cultural practices, approaches to learning and play preferences throughout the school year.

As you gather evidence you will want to be as objective as you can be, and you will have to recognize your biases. As you collect your documentation on each child, you will want to organize it in a chronological manner and store it safely. Lastly, be sure to observe every child in your class, be aware that some children may catch your attention more than others for one reason or another. In the next chapter, we will examine several observation tools and techniques that you will want to use as part of your regular observation routine to ensure high-quality practices.