{"id":44,"date":"2022-08-16T20:29:59","date_gmt":"2022-08-16T20:29:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/chapter\/creative-commons\/"},"modified":"2024-10-10T18:43:42","modified_gmt":"2024-10-10T18:43:42","slug":"creative-commons","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/chapter\/creative-commons\/","title":{"raw":"Creative Commons Licences","rendered":"Creative Commons Licences"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Learning Objectives<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n\nBy the end of this section, you will be able to:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Describe the four different Creative Commons Licence components.<\/li>\n \t<li>Explain why some CC-licensed content might not be considered OER.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n&nbsp;\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_43\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"400\"]<img class=\"wp-image-35\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/08\/Cc_logo_large-768x183-1-300x71.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"95\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/about\/downloads\">CC Logo<\/a> by <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/\">Creative Commons<\/a>, used under the <a href=\"\/\/creativecommons.org\/policies\">CC Trademark Policy<\/a>[\/caption]\n\nAs we mentioned in the previous chapter, [pb_glossary id=\"89\"]Creative Commons[\/pb_glossary] (CC) licences allow you to explain, in plain language, how your works can be reused. These licences act as explicit, standing permissions for all users.\n\n&nbsp;\n\n[embed]https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=oLcVycFkmtM[\/embed]\n\n<strong>Attribution: <\/strong>\"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=oLcVycFkmtM\">Cable Green explaining Creative Commons and OER in 2 minutes [Youtube]<\/a>\" by Global Digital Library is available under a Creative Commons <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC-BY 4.0<\/a> licence.\n<h1>The Four Components of Creative Commons Licences<\/h1>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\" border=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 7.54717%;text-align: center\"><strong><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-36\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/by.large_-150x150.png\" alt=\"A small, genderless human icon inside a white circle with a black border. This icon is used to denote the Attribution CC license.\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\"><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4528%\"><strong>Attribution (BY)<\/strong> Proper attribution must be given to the original creator of the work whenever a portion of their work is reused or adapted. This includes a link to the original work, information about the author, and information about the original work's licence.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 7.54717%;text-align: center\"><strong><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-37\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/sa.large_-300x300.png\" alt=\"An icon of an arrow pointing toward its tail in a circle. The arrow is within a white circle with a black border. This denotes the ShareAlike CC license.\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\"><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4528%\"><strong>Share-Alike (SA)<\/strong> Iterations of the original work must be made available under the same licence terms.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 7.54717%;text-align: center\"><strong><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-38\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/nc.large_-300x300.png\" alt=\"A dollar sign with a line crossing it horizontally. This represents the Noncommercial CC license.\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\"><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4528%\"><strong>Non-Commercial (NC)<\/strong> The work cannot be sold at a profit or used for commercial means such as for-profit advertising. Copies of the work can be purchased in print and given away or sold at cost.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 7.54717%;text-align: center\"><strong><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-39\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/nd.large_-300x300.png\" alt=\"An equal sign within a white circle with a black border. This represents the No Derivatives CC license.\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\"><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4528%\"><strong>No Derivatives (ND)<\/strong> The work cannot be altered or \u201cremixed.\u201d Only identical copies of the work can be redistributed without additional permission from the creator.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\nThe four components, or elements, of Creative Commons Licences are expressed using the icons above.\u00a0 These elements can be mixed and matched to create a total of <strong>six Creative Commons licences. <\/strong>[footnote]The No Derivatives and Share Alike components are incompatible and cannot be combined under one licence.[\/footnote] These licenses are often expressed in graphic form using CC buttons. [footnote]All<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/about\/downloads\"> icons and buttons<\/a> found within this and subsequent chapters are created by <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/about\">Creative Commons<\/a> under a <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC-BY 4.0<\/a> Licence.[\/footnote]\n<h1>The Four \"Open\" CC Licences<\/h1>\nThere are strengths and weaknesses to each Creative Commons licence you might apply to your OER. To help you make an informed decision, a short description of each licence that can be applied to OER is provided below.\n<h2><img class=\"alignright wp-image-21\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/08\/ccby-1-300x107.png\" alt=\"CC BY license image\" width=\"150\" height=\"53\"> \u00a0<strong>CC BY (Attribution)\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3>Strengths<\/h3>\n<ul>\n \t<li>The CC BY licence is the most popular and open licence provided by Creative Commons.<\/li>\n \t<li>By requiring attribution and nothing else, your CC BY work will be easy for others to adapt and build upon.<\/li>\n \t<li>CC BY is often the default choice for open publications. Youtube uses the CC BY 3.0 licence as their single \"Creative Commons\" option.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Weaknesses<\/h3>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Because CC BY allows for easier sharing and adaptation, it also leaves the creator with less power over their work. When you use a CC BY licence, you cannot be certain that your work will remain open or that your work will be reused for projects you support.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><img class=\"alignright wp-image-40\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbysa-300x107.png\" alt=\"CC BY SA license image\" width=\"150\" height=\"53\">\u00a0<strong>CC BY SA (Attribution, Share-Alike)\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3>Strengths<\/h3>\n<ul>\n \t<li>The CC BY SA combines the openness of CC BY licence with the caveat that an item remains open under the same licence when adapted.<\/li>\n \t<li>The CC BY SA licence is the second most popular licence, and the licence used by Wikipedia for their articles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Weaknesses<\/h3>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Because the CC BY SA licence requires that adapted content be shared under the same licence, it can be difficult to adapt or to remix works licensed CC BY SA.[footnote]TheOGRepository. (2012, Sept 5). <em>Creating OER and combining licenses<\/em> [YouTube video]. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Hkz4q2yuQU8[\/footnote]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><img class=\"alignright wp-image-41\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbync-1-300x107.png\" alt=\"CC BY NC license image\" width=\"150\" height=\"53\"> <strong>CC BY NC (Attribution, Non-Commercial)\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3>Strengths<\/h3>\n<ul>\n \t<li>The CC BY NC licence gives the creator of a work complete control over any commercial reuse of their work.<\/li>\n \t<li>As a user, you can adapt and remix CC BY NC works so long as your new works provide attribution to the original author and do not turn a profit.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Weaknesses<\/h3>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Some users may be concerned about what they are allowed to do with your CC BY NC work and where the commercial \"line\" is drawn. This topic is addressed in more depth in our <em>OER in Print<\/em> chapter (available March 2023).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><img class=\"alignright wp-image-42\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbyncsa-300x107.png\" alt=\"CC BY NC SA license image\" width=\"150\" height=\"53\">\u00a0<strong>CC BY NC SA (Attribution, Non-Commercial, Share-Alike)\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3>Strengths<\/h3>\n<ul>\n \t<li>CC BY NC SA is the most restrictive licence that can be used for OER and gives you the most control over its adaptations.<\/li>\n \t<li>Some creators apply this licence out of concern for their works being \"scooped\" by commercial publishers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Weaknesses<\/h3>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Because of its requirements, the CC BY NC SA licence is the hardest to adapt, remix, or build upon.<\/li>\n \t<li>If you hope to leverage the open community to promote and share your content, this licence may be a deterrent for potential partners as there is often confusion about what constitutes commercial use.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nYou can learn more about the individual CC licences on <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the Creative Commons website<\/a>.\n\n&nbsp;\n\n[h5p id=\"5\"]\n\n<hr>\n\n<h1>Choosing a Licence for Your Work<\/h1>\nChoosing a CC licence can be confusing at first, but the <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/choose\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">online <em>Choose a License<\/em> tool<\/a> from Creative Commons can help. This tool generates a licence based on which rights you want to retain and which you would like to give to users. For example, if you want to share your work and allow others to adapt it, but you do not want others to be able to sell your work, you might consider using the CC-BY-NC licence.\n\nBefore you choose a licence, keep in mind that an OER should be able to exercise all the 5 Rs of open content we discussed in the previous chapter. Not all of the CC licences meet this definition. Specifically, the CC-BY-ND and CC-BY-NC-ND licences do not allow revising or remixing content, two of the most significant freedoms of OER for many instructors.\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_43\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"900\"]<img class=\"wp-image-43\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/5rs-1024x509.png\" alt=\"A table titled &quot;Wiley's 5 Rs and Creative Commons Licensing is pictured, with the 6 Creative Commons licenses (and the public domain) labeled on the left and the 5 Rs labeled across the top of the table. Within the table, each license is rated on whether it meets the R listed at the top or not. On the right side of the table, it is sectioned into two pieces: &quot;OER&quot; and &quot;Not OER.&quot;\" width=\"900\" height=\"447\"> <strong>Attribution:<\/strong> \u201cWileys 5Rs and Creative Commons Licensing\u201d is by Krysta McNutt, <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CC-BY 4.0<\/a>.\u00a0To view the full version, <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/presentation\/d\/1Tk9sBhdIAKvhzxqjR9SeYn_dfctl7wXRfvcHZgj4sQo\/edit#slide=id.p\">visit the Google Drawing.<\/a>[\/caption]\n<h2>Implementing a CC Licence<\/h2>\nCreative Commons has an <a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.creativecommons.org\/wiki\/Marking_your_work_with_a_CC_license\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">online Marking Guide<\/a> that demonstrates how to add your chosen\u00a0 CC licence on different types of media. Making your licence obvious on whatever item you are sharing is an important part of the dissemination process for OER: otherwise, users won't know what licence you've chosen! No matter the format, there are some standards you can follow:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Make it clear<\/li>\n \t<li>Make it visible<\/li>\n \t<li>Provide links (to the licence and the work)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n\n<strong>Dig Deeper:<\/strong> How comfortable are you making your work \"open\"?\u00a0 After reviewing this section and the <a href=\"https:\/\/certificates.creativecommons.org\/cccertedu\/chapter\/4-1-choosing-and-applying-a-cc-license\/\"><em>Choosing and Applying a CC License\u00a0<\/em><\/a>chapter in the Creative Commons Certificate Course, reflect on the following questions[footnote]Adapted from the <a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org.au\/learn\/fact-sheets\/licensing-flowchart\/\"><em>Which Creative Commons Licence is Right for Me?<\/em> fact sheet<\/a> by Creative Commons Australia, used under a CC BY 2.5 Licence.[\/footnote]:\n<ul>\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n \t<li><strong>Am I OK with someone using my work without attribution or is it important I get credit? <\/strong><\/li>\n \t<li><strong>Am I OK with other people copying and distributing my content without asking my permission?<\/strong><\/li>\n \t<li><strong>What is the definition of \"noncommercial\" and \"commercial\" when used in the context of a CC licence? Am I OK with \"commercial use\" of my content? How might this limit the sharing of the work?\n<\/strong><\/li>\n \t<li><strong>What is the definition of \"non derivative\" when used in the context of a CC licence? Am I OK with\u00a0 other people changing and adapting the content? How might this limit the sharing of the work? <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<hr>\n\n<h1>Attribution vs Citation when Using Other's Work<\/h1>\nAlthough there are different rules for each licence, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">every<\/span> CC licence includes the Attribution component which requires that users provide proper attribution for an original work being shared or adapted.\u00a0 Attribution is a similar process to citing academic works in a paper, but there are some key differences. The following table outlines some of the ways in which citations and attribution are similar and different:\n<table class=\"lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%;height: 163px\" border=\"0\"><caption><strong>Attribution:<\/strong> This table was adapted by Abbey Elder from \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/selfpublishguide\/chapter\/citation-vs-attribution\/\">Citation vs. Attribution<\/a>\u201d by Lauri Aesoph, licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0.<\/a><\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 16px\">\n<th class=\"shaded\" style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 16px;text-align: center\"><strong>Citation<\/strong><\/th>\n<th class=\"shaded\" style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 16px;text-align: center\"><strong>Attribution<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 16px\">\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 16px;text-align: left\">Purpose is academic (e.g. avoiding plagiarism)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 16px;text-align: left\">Purpose is legal (e.g. following licensing regulations)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 16px\">\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 16px;text-align: left\">Does NOT typically include licensing information for the work<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 16px;text-align: left\">Typically includes licensing information for the work<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 16px\">\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 16px;text-align: left\">Used to quote or paraphrase\u00a0a limited portion\u00a0of a work<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 16px;text-align: left\">Used to quote or paraphrase\u00a0all or a portion\u00a0of a work<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 33px\">\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 33px;text-align: left\">Can paraphrase, but cannot typically change the work's meaning<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 33px;text-align: left\">Can change the work under Fair Dealing or with advance permission\n(e.g., under most CC licences)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 33px\">\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 33px;text-align: left\">Many citation styles are available\n(e.g., APA, Chicago, and MLA)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 33px;text-align: left\">Attribution statement styles are still emerging, but there are some defined best practices<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 33px\">\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 33px;text-align: left\">Cited resources are typically placed in a reference list<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 33px;text-align: left\">Attribution statements are typically found near the work used\n(e.g., below an image)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\nOne easy way to remember the requirements for attribution is the acronym T.A.S.L.:\n<ul>\n \t<li>T = Title of work<\/li>\n \t<li>A = Author or creator. Link to a page with their contact information, when possible.<\/li>\n \t<li>S = Source. Where can you find the original work?<\/li>\n \t<li>L = Licence. This can be expressed using the abbreviated form (e.g., CC-BY 4.0) and then linked to the full statement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nIf the final work is digital, each of these elements can be linked to the original source to provide additional information. If the final work is in print or is an audio\/visual file, consider posting the attribution information in a separate online page or mentioning the attribution as part of the credits within the media itself.\n\nIn this chapter, we have discussed how Creative Commons licences work and how you can use these licences for publishing or sharing open content. In the next chapter, we'll explore how you can find existing OER to use in your course.\n\n&nbsp;\n\n[h5p id=\"6\"]\n<div><\/div>\n<h1>Footnotes<\/h1>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Learning Objectives<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>By the end of this section, you will be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Describe the four different Creative Commons Licence components.<\/li>\n<li>Explain why some CC-licensed content might not be considered OER.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_43\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-43\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-35\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/08\/Cc_logo_large-768x183-1-300x71.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"95\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/08\/Cc_logo_large-768x183-1-300x71.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/08\/Cc_logo_large-768x183-1-65x15.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/08\/Cc_logo_large-768x183-1-225x54.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/08\/Cc_logo_large-768x183-1-350x83.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/08\/Cc_logo_large-768x183-1.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-43\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/about\/downloads\">CC Logo<\/a> by <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/\">Creative Commons<\/a>, used under the <a href=\"\/\/creativecommons.org\/policies\">CC Trademark Policy<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>As we mentioned in the previous chapter, <a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_44_89\">Creative Commons<\/a> (CC) licences allow you to explain, in plain language, how your works can be reused. These licences act as explicit, standing permissions for all users.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=oLcVycFkmtM\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=oLcVycFkmtM<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Attribution: <\/strong>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=oLcVycFkmtM\">Cable Green explaining Creative Commons and OER in 2 minutes [Youtube]<\/a>&#8221; by Global Digital Library is available under a Creative Commons <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC-BY 4.0<\/a> licence.<\/p>\n<h1>The Four Components of Creative Commons Licences<\/h1>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 7.54717%;text-align: center\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-36\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/by.large_-150x150.png\" alt=\"A small, genderless human icon inside a white circle with a black border. This icon is used to denote the Attribution CC license.\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/by.large_-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/by.large_-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/by.large_-65x65.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/by.large_-225x225.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/by.large_-350x350.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/by.large_.png 384w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4528%\"><strong>Attribution (BY)<\/strong> Proper attribution must be given to the original creator of the work whenever a portion of their work is reused or adapted. This includes a link to the original work, information about the author, and information about the original work&#8217;s licence.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 7.54717%;text-align: center\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-37\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/sa.large_-300x300.png\" alt=\"An icon of an arrow pointing toward its tail in a circle. The arrow is within a white circle with a black border. This denotes the ShareAlike CC license.\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/sa.large_-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/sa.large_-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/sa.large_-65x65.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/sa.large_-225x225.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/sa.large_-350x350.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/sa.large_.png 384w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4528%\"><strong>Share-Alike (SA)<\/strong> Iterations of the original work must be made available under the same licence terms.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 7.54717%;text-align: center\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-38\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/nc.large_-300x300.png\" alt=\"A dollar sign with a line crossing it horizontally. This represents the Noncommercial CC license.\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/nc.large_-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/nc.large_-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/nc.large_-65x65.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/nc.large_-225x225.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/nc.large_-350x350.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/nc.large_.png 384w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4528%\"><strong>Non-Commercial (NC)<\/strong> The work cannot be sold at a profit or used for commercial means such as for-profit advertising. Copies of the work can be purchased in print and given away or sold at cost.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 7.54717%;text-align: center\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-39\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/nd.large_-300x300.png\" alt=\"An equal sign within a white circle with a black border. This represents the No Derivatives CC license.\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/nd.large_-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/nd.large_-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/nd.large_-65x65.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/nd.large_-225x225.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/nd.large_-350x350.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/nd.large_.png 384w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 25px) 100vw, 25px\" \/><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4528%\"><strong>No Derivatives (ND)<\/strong> The work cannot be altered or \u201cremixed.\u201d Only identical copies of the work can be redistributed without additional permission from the creator.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>The four components, or elements, of Creative Commons Licences are expressed using the icons above.\u00a0 These elements can be mixed and matched to create a total of <strong>six Creative Commons licences. <\/strong><a class=\"footnote\" title=\"The No Derivatives and Share Alike components are incompatible and cannot be combined under one licence.\" id=\"return-footnote-44-1\" href=\"#footnote-44-1\" aria-label=\"Footnote 1\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[1]<\/sup><\/a> These licenses are often expressed in graphic form using CC buttons. <a class=\"footnote\" title=\"All icons and buttons found within this and subsequent chapters are created by Creative Commons under a CC-BY 4.0 Licence.\" id=\"return-footnote-44-2\" href=\"#footnote-44-2\" aria-label=\"Footnote 2\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<h1>The Four &#8220;Open&#8221; CC Licences<\/h1>\n<p>There are strengths and weaknesses to each Creative Commons licence you might apply to your OER. To help you make an informed decision, a short description of each licence that can be applied to OER is provided below.<\/p>\n<h2><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-21\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/08\/ccby-1-300x107.png\" alt=\"CC BY license image\" width=\"150\" height=\"53\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/08\/ccby-1-300x107.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/08\/ccby-1-65x23.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/08\/ccby-1-225x80.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/08\/ccby-1-350x125.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/08\/ccby-1.png 466w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/> \u00a0<strong>CC BY (Attribution)<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3>Strengths<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>The CC BY licence is the most popular and open licence provided by Creative Commons.<\/li>\n<li>By requiring attribution and nothing else, your CC BY work will be easy for others to adapt and build upon.<\/li>\n<li>CC BY is often the default choice for open publications. Youtube uses the CC BY 3.0 licence as their single &#8220;Creative Commons&#8221; option.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Weaknesses<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Because CC BY allows for easier sharing and adaptation, it also leaves the creator with less power over their work. When you use a CC BY licence, you cannot be certain that your work will remain open or that your work will be reused for projects you support.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-40\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbysa-300x107.png\" alt=\"CC BY SA license image\" width=\"150\" height=\"53\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbysa-300x107.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbysa-65x23.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbysa-225x80.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbysa-350x124.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbysa.png 467w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>\u00a0<strong>CC BY SA (Attribution, Share-Alike)<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3>Strengths<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>The CC BY SA combines the openness of CC BY licence with the caveat that an item remains open under the same licence when adapted.<\/li>\n<li>The CC BY SA licence is the second most popular licence, and the licence used by Wikipedia for their articles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Weaknesses<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Because the CC BY SA licence requires that adapted content be shared under the same licence, it can be difficult to adapt or to remix works licensed CC BY SA.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"TheOGRepository. (2012, Sept 5). Creating OER and combining licenses [YouTube video]. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Hkz4q2yuQU8\" id=\"return-footnote-44-3\" href=\"#footnote-44-3\" aria-label=\"Footnote 3\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[3]<\/sup><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-41\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbync-1-300x107.png\" alt=\"CC BY NC license image\" width=\"150\" height=\"53\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbync-1-300x107.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbync-1-65x23.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbync-1-225x80.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbync-1-350x124.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbync-1.png 467w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/> <strong>CC BY NC (Attribution, Non-Commercial)<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3>Strengths<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>The CC BY NC licence gives the creator of a work complete control over any commercial reuse of their work.<\/li>\n<li>As a user, you can adapt and remix CC BY NC works so long as your new works provide attribution to the original author and do not turn a profit.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Weaknesses<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Some users may be concerned about what they are allowed to do with your CC BY NC work and where the commercial &#8220;line&#8221; is drawn. This topic is addressed in more depth in our <em>OER in Print<\/em> chapter (available March 2023).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-42\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbyncsa-300x107.png\" alt=\"CC BY NC SA license image\" width=\"150\" height=\"53\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbyncsa-300x107.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbyncsa-65x23.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbyncsa-225x80.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbyncsa-350x125.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/ccbyncsa.png 466w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>\u00a0<strong>CC BY NC SA (Attribution, Non-Commercial, Share-Alike)<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3>Strengths<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>CC BY NC SA is the most restrictive licence that can be used for OER and gives you the most control over its adaptations.<\/li>\n<li>Some creators apply this licence out of concern for their works being &#8220;scooped&#8221; by commercial publishers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Weaknesses<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Because of its requirements, the CC BY NC SA licence is the hardest to adapt, remix, or build upon.<\/li>\n<li>If you hope to leverage the open community to promote and share your content, this licence may be a deterrent for potential partners as there is often confusion about what constitutes commercial use.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>You can learn more about the individual CC licences on <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the Creative Commons website<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"h5p-5\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-5\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"5\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Imagine you have found a map you&#039;d like to reuse as...\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>Choosing a Licence for Your Work<\/h1>\n<p>Choosing a CC licence can be confusing at first, but the <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/choose\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">online <em>Choose a License<\/em> tool<\/a> from Creative Commons can help. This tool generates a licence based on which rights you want to retain and which you would like to give to users. For example, if you want to share your work and allow others to adapt it, but you do not want others to be able to sell your work, you might consider using the CC-BY-NC licence.<\/p>\n<p>Before you choose a licence, keep in mind that an OER should be able to exercise all the 5 Rs of open content we discussed in the previous chapter. Not all of the CC licences meet this definition. Specifically, the CC-BY-ND and CC-BY-NC-ND licences do not allow revising or remixing content, two of the most significant freedoms of OER for many instructors.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_43\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-43\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-43\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/5rs-1024x509.png\" alt=\"A table titled &quot;Wiley's 5 Rs and Creative Commons Licensing is pictured, with the 6 Creative Commons licenses (and the public domain) labeled on the left and the 5 Rs labeled across the top of the table. Within the table, each license is rated on whether it meets the R listed at the top or not. On the right side of the table, it is sectioned into two pieces: &quot;OER&quot; and &quot;Not OER.&quot;\" width=\"900\" height=\"447\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/5rs-1024x509.png 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/5rs-300x149.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/5rs-768x382.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/5rs-65x32.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/5rs-225x112.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/5rs-350x174.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2024\/10\/5rs.png 1066w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-43\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Attribution:<\/strong> \u201cWileys 5Rs and Creative Commons Licensing\u201d is by Krysta McNutt, <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CC-BY 4.0<\/a>.\u00a0To view the full version, <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/presentation\/d\/1Tk9sBhdIAKvhzxqjR9SeYn_dfctl7wXRfvcHZgj4sQo\/edit#slide=id.p\">visit the Google Drawing.<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Implementing a CC Licence<\/h2>\n<p>Creative Commons has an <a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.creativecommons.org\/wiki\/Marking_your_work_with_a_CC_license\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">online Marking Guide<\/a> that demonstrates how to add your chosen\u00a0 CC licence on different types of media. Making your licence obvious on whatever item you are sharing is an important part of the dissemination process for OER: otherwise, users won&#8217;t know what licence you&#8217;ve chosen! No matter the format, there are some standards you can follow:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Make it clear<\/li>\n<li>Make it visible<\/li>\n<li>Provide links (to the licence and the work)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<p><strong>Dig Deeper:<\/strong> How comfortable are you making your work &#8220;open&#8221;?\u00a0 After reviewing this section and the <a href=\"https:\/\/certificates.creativecommons.org\/cccertedu\/chapter\/4-1-choosing-and-applying-a-cc-license\/\"><em>Choosing and Applying a CC License\u00a0<\/em><\/a>chapter in the Creative Commons Certificate Course, reflect on the following questions<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Adapted from the Which Creative Commons Licence is Right for Me? fact sheet by Creative Commons Australia, used under a CC BY 2.5 Licence.\" id=\"return-footnote-44-4\" href=\"#footnote-44-4\" aria-label=\"Footnote 4\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[4]<\/sup><\/a>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Am I OK with someone using my work without attribution or is it important I get credit? <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Am I OK with other people copying and distributing my content without asking my permission?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>What is the definition of &#8220;noncommercial&#8221; and &#8220;commercial&#8221; when used in the context of a CC licence? Am I OK with &#8220;commercial use&#8221; of my content? How might this limit the sharing of the work?<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>What is the definition of &#8220;non derivative&#8221; when used in the context of a CC licence? Am I OK with\u00a0 other people changing and adapting the content? How might this limit the sharing of the work? <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>Attribution vs Citation when Using Other&#8217;s Work<\/h1>\n<p>Although there are different rules for each licence, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">every<\/span> CC licence includes the Attribution component which requires that users provide proper attribution for an original work being shared or adapted.\u00a0 Attribution is a similar process to citing academic works in a paper, but there are some key differences. The following table outlines some of the ways in which citations and attribution are similar and different:<\/p>\n<table class=\"lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%;height: 163px\">\n<caption><strong>Attribution:<\/strong> This table was adapted by Abbey Elder from \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/selfpublishguide\/chapter\/citation-vs-attribution\/\">Citation vs. Attribution<\/a>\u201d by Lauri Aesoph, licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0.<\/a><\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 16px\">\n<th class=\"shaded\" style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 16px;text-align: center\"><strong>Citation<\/strong><\/th>\n<th class=\"shaded\" style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 16px;text-align: center\"><strong>Attribution<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 16px\">\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 16px;text-align: left\">Purpose is academic (e.g. avoiding plagiarism)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 16px;text-align: left\">Purpose is legal (e.g. following licensing regulations)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 16px\">\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 16px;text-align: left\">Does NOT typically include licensing information for the work<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 16px;text-align: left\">Typically includes licensing information for the work<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 16px\">\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 16px;text-align: left\">Used to quote or paraphrase\u00a0a limited portion\u00a0of a work<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 16px;text-align: left\">Used to quote or paraphrase\u00a0all or a portion\u00a0of a work<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 33px\">\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 33px;text-align: left\">Can paraphrase, but cannot typically change the work&#8217;s meaning<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 33px;text-align: left\">Can change the work under Fair Dealing or with advance permission<br \/>\n(e.g., under most CC licences)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 33px\">\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 33px;text-align: left\">Many citation styles are available<br \/>\n(e.g., APA, Chicago, and MLA)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 33px;text-align: left\">Attribution statement styles are still emerging, but there are some defined best practices<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 33px\">\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 33px;text-align: left\">Cited resources are typically placed in a reference list<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 778.229px;height: 33px;text-align: left\">Attribution statements are typically found near the work used<br \/>\n(e.g., below an image)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>One easy way to remember the requirements for attribution is the acronym T.A.S.L.:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T = Title of work<\/li>\n<li>A = Author or creator. Link to a page with their contact information, when possible.<\/li>\n<li>S = Source. Where can you find the original work?<\/li>\n<li>L = Licence. This can be expressed using the abbreviated form (e.g., CC-BY 4.0) and then linked to the full statement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If the final work is digital, each of these elements can be linked to the original source to provide additional information. If the final work is in print or is an audio\/visual file, consider posting the attribution information in a separate online page or mentioning the attribution as part of the credits within the media itself.<\/p>\n<p>In this chapter, we have discussed how Creative Commons licences work and how you can use these licences for publishing or sharing open content. In the next chapter, we&#8217;ll explore how you can find existing OER to use in your course.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"h5p-6\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-6\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"6\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Creative Commons Quiz\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<h1>Footnotes<\/h1>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<hr class=\"before-footnotes clear\" \/><div class=\"footnotes\"><ol><li id=\"footnote-44-1\">The No Derivatives and Share Alike components are incompatible and cannot be combined under one licence. <a href=\"#return-footnote-44-1\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 1\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-44-2\">All<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/about\/downloads\"> icons and buttons<\/a> found within this and subsequent chapters are created by <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/about\">Creative Commons<\/a> under a <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC-BY 4.0<\/a> Licence. <a href=\"#return-footnote-44-2\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 2\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-44-3\">TheOGRepository. (2012, Sept 5). <em>Creating OER and combining licenses<\/em> [YouTube video]. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Hkz4q2yuQU8 <a href=\"#return-footnote-44-3\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 3\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-44-4\">Adapted from the <a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org.au\/learn\/fact-sheets\/licensing-flowchart\/\"><em>Which Creative Commons Licence is Right for Me?<\/em> fact sheet<\/a> by Creative Commons Australia, used under a CC BY 2.5 Licence. <a href=\"#return-footnote-44-4\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 4\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div><div class=\"glossary\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\" id=\"definition\">definition<\/span><template id=\"term_44_89\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_44_89\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>A set of open licenses that allow creators to clearly mark how others can reuse their work through a set of four badge-like components: Attribution, Share-Alike, Non-Commercial, and No Derivatives.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><\/div>","protected":false},"author":7,"menu_order":2,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[49],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-44","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless"],"part":31,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/44","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/44\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":124,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/44\/revisions\/124"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/31"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/44\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=44"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=44"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.palomar.edu\/introductiontoopeneducationalresources\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=44"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}